En-V-Toys Children2 - Drawing animated without displacement
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[edit] Animation without displacement
One finds, in the drawer of the tools V-toys, a particular container which has appearances of the container already used to build V-toys scripts, but which has a little different characteristics. It also agrees to receive objects, and here we will provide him images and not bricks. But it is especially equipped with a cursor which will pass from image in image and makes it possible to create animated images. One gives him the name of container of images .
The container of images is placed inside a green brick equipped with a designator who returns to the object to animate., but the brick is without point of exclamation, with the result that it should be placed in a container of programming or V-Script of animation which will be to activate with the clocks when the whole of the operations necessary to animation is carried out.
We will have 2 types of animation:
- animation without displacement, the object modifying its appearance and moving without changing place.
- animation with trajectory, the animated object moving on the surface of the screen.
But one and the other passes by a transformation of the reason for origin.
It is thus necessary to explain to the children the operations necessary to modify the appearance of the reason to be animated and, then, how to build the V-script of animation.
This chapter is devoted to L `animation without displacement.
[edit] PRINCIPLE OF CONSTRUCTION OF the V-SCRIPT Of ANIMATION
In V-script below one placed inside the container of images, a drawing and his modification (the pacman with the closed open mouth then). But one could have envisaged a longer succession of modifications than one would have placed the ones following the others. Automatically, the container increases with each new admission and the first is surrounded by a mobile rectangle called cursor which passes from image in image when script is activated. When their number exceeds what one can put inside the visible surface of the container, it continues to fill except screen and it is enough to move towards the outside the yellow handle of the halation to the brick of green animation to update the garnered forms (see halation).
To cause the animation of the reason, it is necessary:
- to place the continuation of the images modified in the container of images.
- to duplicate the first image placed in the container using the green handle of its halation and to deposit it on the screen.
- to register this image duplicated in the designator of brick.
- to register the script of animation in the designator of the 2 clocks and to activate the clock of starting.
The cursor passes from image in image and, simultaneously, on the screen, the reason takes the shape of the drawing surrounded of the cursor inside the container (here, the pacman opens and firm the mouth without interruption until the intervention of the clock of stop).
[edit] MODIFICATION OF the REASON For ORIGIN - the HALATION and DRAFTING-MACHINE
We have just referred, to move and increase 2 of the elements placed in the sketch above, with the green and yellow handles of their halation. It is the moment to speak with more precision of this tool already evoked previously, and of which, with the drafting-machine space drawing, we will have need constantly to produce and modify the forms which will be at the base of animation.
[edit] The Halation and the drafting-machine
The halation appears as soon as one supports, with the mouse, on any object present on the screen by holding inserted key ALT. It consists of a crown of buttons of various colors called of the handles. The sketch above summarizes the role of each one of between them. Some will not be used because they arose from the programming Etoys (the handle light blue which gives access to the visualisor of orders and the handle chestnut producing a brick in the name of the object). For the others, we will see progressively which use one can make some in the study which occupies us.
To carry out the first reason for our animation, one joined the screen drawing starting from the orange bar of the functions, with the bottom of the screen (the brush) . Each child can build it with his idea, using the drafting-machine, and to repatriate it on the Monde screen with the key FINISHED.
As described in the sketch below, the drafting-machine comprises a significant number of functions on which it is enough to support with the mouse so that one can use them (the indicated function is surrounded by a Halation or fades):
- to draw with the brush in free feature which one will choose, in the subjacent circles, the thickness of the feature and its colour in the nuancier (the circles take the selected color).
- to erase under the same conditions thickness with gum.
- to fill with the bucket a surface surrounded by feature and closed well.
- to use the pipette which at the same time makes it possible to take the color on an object and to re-use it elsewhere without having to seek it on the nuancier (that also makes it possible to make disappear a detail in a surface from a given color, which corresponds to another way of gumming).
- etc (to be described according to needs').
We have there the 2 essential tools to create and modify a drawing and to pass, according to needs', from one screen to another. Best is to take a concrete example to see than it is necessary to make to build an object and to modify it in order to create, for example, an animation without displacement.
[edit] ANIMATIONS WITHOUT DISPLACEMENT
[edit] the object keeps its identity - the child who plays with the ball
One will carry out the animation of the drawing of a child who plays ball, by having recourse to 2 attitudes only, as for the pacman:
- the child has the raised arm and touches the ball to send it on the ground.
- The arm is lowered and the ball is on the ground.
In to and from between these 2 attitudes started by the programming, and thanks to retinal persistence, one has the impression that the child makes rebound the ball. To make a success of this operation, it will be necessary to go on the screen drawing to make a first drawing (with the assistance of the brush of the orange bar).
- The child and his ball are drawn by using the brush with a broad feature. If the reason is not considered to be satisfactory, one eliminates it with the EMPTY key from the drafting-machine and one starts again.
- If the last intervention is not appropriate one eliminates it with key DFAIT what preserves the remainder of the drawing. Finished, it is returned on FINISHED Monde with the key.
- On the Monde screen it is duplicated with the green handle of its halation.
- One keeps one of the 2 specimens preciously (in the event of error of handling) and one returns the other on space drawing with the gray handle of its halation, to be modified.
Then return on the Monde screen where we will leave the drawer of the V-toys tools bricks necessary to the animation of the small character like that was explained at the beginning of chapter:
- To introduce brick of animation into an order container to form the V-script of animation.
- Successively to place the 2 specimens of the movement inside the container of images (the first is framed at once by the cursor).
- To duplicate, with the green handle of its halation, one of the 2 models inside the container, and to place it anywhere on the screen . To make use of it to initialize the designator of brick of animation.
- To leave the 2 clocks walk and stop and to bring them into service. By activating the blue clock, the child must play with the ball.
The passage of an image to another is rather fast and one can want to slow down this rate/rhythm. A means will consist in increasing the number of the images, not while manufacturing some of news, but by duplicating those existing already that one places coast at coast in the container of images. That will delay longer the image on each gesture and will lead to a slower movement.
The V-script of animation can take an important place on the screen, also will seek itself a solution to reduce it. It is composed of several overlapping parts the ones inside the others which have each one their halation. One reveals this series of halations by clicking several times on the group. They ravel on the basis of the halation of the most external object to reach those of the center while posting, each time, the name of the object. It is enough to choose that which one needs.
With the passage, when the mouse clicks on the green zone of brick of animation we see appearing a halation with the name `ANIMATION'. By using the yellow handle of this halation, one can increase or close again this brick what involves the reduction in entire script and that into occult the contents without destroying it and all that it contains remainder virtually present and active.
[edit] SOME EXAMPLES Of ANIMATION
[edit] animations with 2 alternatives
- The butterfly - the very small difference between the 2 drawings of the wings creates a quivering more than one beat. The insect is animated on a fixed subjacent flower.
- The young girl - it only has two expressions (closed and opened eyes). But if one multiplies duplications of one or the other, it can keep the closed eyes and open them in a sporadic way, or to have a persistent expression courroucée with some spaced beats. (One could also have multiplied the alternatives to animate the face more, and to make move the direction of the glance for example).
- Mini landscape with the lightning - several specimens of the first with only one of the second make start the lightning in a way fast and spaced.
[edit] Animation by displacement of the centre of rotation
In the preceding cases, the reason modified starting from a first drawing occupies about same surface and its centre of rotation remains located about at the same place, which gives a certain stability to the animated object. But if the formula n° 2 A a different surface (larger, smaller, offset in a direction or another), the centre of rotation changes place and the overall assets of the object reorganize around this new center, adding translatory movements to those of animation itself. One can hold account of it when animation is built. In sketches A the bird moves only the nozzle and the tail, in the sketches B it agitates also a wing and the passage from one drawing to another makes it hop in the vertical direction.
[edit] animation with only one element
With children having difficulties in preserve the identity of a drawing in the operations of evolution of a movement, one can make them build an animation with only one drawing which one will transfer onto the screen drawing and which one will direct in various directions with the red handle placed in top of the screen of space drawing . Repatriated on the screen World, this reorientated form can be placed like an additional drawing in the container of images. One can even multiply the number of it while making rock the reason according to various orientations and thus create all kinds of capers with characters, caracolages with odd animals or movements with objects.
[edit] a multiplicity of elements
One can place, the ones following the others, of the drawings whose form evolves/moves, changes and can even lead to something of completely different, of the type of the metamorphosis or the anecdote, or one can have a succession of heteroclite forms without report/ratio the ones with the others. What it is necessary to know, it is that unfolding is rather fast. When the reason changes likely to each image, one can not have visual time to identify it , also will be it necessary to place after one the other several specimens of the same image, which is not inevitably useful when the subject keeps its identity.
[edit] The preregistered shapes of the store of the accessories
It is necessary to evoke the animation of the geometrical forms now that L `one finds in the store of the accessories (ellipses, rectangles, stars, forms polygonal). Their halation does not have the gray handle which would have made it possible to transfer them onto space drawing to make them undergo modifications. But it is impossible to build an animation starting from these forms.
The V-script of animation animates only forms built on space drawing .
However, thanks to a capture of screen, it is possible to change this established fact.
Let us take a simple example:
We want to play with an ellipse and to show it inflating and to change color.
By using its halation, we duplicate it with the green handle. We increase it with the yellow handle and change its color with its pink handle. Then we duplicate this first modification and let us vary it in the same way. And so on until obtaining the desired evolution.
This series of forms introduced into the container of images, and programmed does not function. It thus will be necessary to convert ellipse 1 into object-drawing . The operation is simulated below:
- capture ellipse using the specialized tool which one finds in the catalogue of the accessories. Captured surface is a rectangular surface which contains a basic portion and the object. It is necessary to evacuate the basic surface which surrounds the ellipse.
- While revealing the halation of this rectangular mass and while selecting his gray handle, one is transferred onto space drawing.
- one chooses in the nuancier the zone of named transparent color `No color' and one uses the bucket to evacuate any basic trace around the object. Returned on the screen world the ellipse-object is completely comparable with the original ellipse and one will be able to make use of it to launch animation by posing it on the screen and BY PUTTING IT IN RELATION TO the DESIGNATEUR .
By activating the V-script of animation like that was explained previously, the ellipse-object takes the form of all the images contained in the container as the cursor moves.
NB. This operation of Capture of a form (geometrical or not) on the screen World which one removes from his bottom on space drawing, is an important operation of which the mechanism should well be controlled because it will be used multiple times in very different circumstances .
[edit] Gifs animated as on Internet
One finds some on the Net by typing `GIF animated' in the box of the search engine . Some are free. By examining them, one realizes that those which are graphic have characteristics comparable with those of animations which we are exploring. Animation is reduced to alternation between 2 drawings only. The format is very small. One can conceive the identical ones by using the tools of creation and programming of Squeak V-toys.
4 animated examples found on http://www.informatiquegifs.com,:
- reason 1 - the Father Christmas - Animation based on the change of the colors. 2 identical drawings in brick of animation but one modified the colors of the one of them. It results an effect of flickering from it.
- reason 2 - the boat which moves on a green bottom . No the brick of animation. It is simply a question of building displacement on a SCENE decorated, brought back to a very small size and on which a small boat moves, with the bricks `ADVANCE' and `ROLLS UP' .
- reason 3 - the boat agitated by the swell - 2 images thus. Each one requires the use of 2 separate drawings: a small square bottom of color and a small boat of an adapted size. Each one of these 2 objects is duplicated. On the first square one deposits a boat and one makes an image by captures screen . One makes swivel the 2nd boat with the handle dark blue of his halation and one deposits it on the 2nd square before capturing the 2nd image. One then places the 2 images inside brick of animation and one carries out traditional programming. The boat starts to oscillate.
- reason the 4 - the head which enlarges - 2 labels which one will place in the script of animation were built like those of the boat, but the head of the 2nd label at summer changed size by using the yellow handle of its halation. The face swells and narrows.
A large variety of gifs animated using simple forms should be able to be produced even with rather young children.
[edit] SOME PROJECTS
the cat with the mounting of a bird - several duplications of each image to include/understand the direction of the anecdote.
The examples given up to now are figurative but one can also make make research with features, spots, geometrical forms which follow one another or change color.
a set of heteroclite spots on bottom of screen.
the project of the child and the ball - developed at the head chapter.
the player of foot - each movement is built on the principle of the puppet articulated by regrouping and reorientation of separate elements - several attitudes - nonverbal Comments.
- the animation of geometrical forms - the play of the rectangles is an animation whose each reason is composed of superimposed rectangles. To form an interdependent block, rectangle higher light blue A is encrusted on the rectangle lower black B while revealing the halation of the higher rectangle and while choosing, in the red menu, the option `included in…'
- the project My gifs
the project comprises several reasons for type `gifs animated'.
- The GIF of the pacMan - 2 rigorously identical square funds as for the form but that one can change color and on which one poses the 2 versions of the head.
- The spangled GIF - the bottom is a scene on which one posed the reason, a rectangle decorated with stars. One changes the colors of the rectangle and one makes it swivel with the dark handle blue of his halation to reorientate it by leaving it placed on the scene. When certain parts of the rectangle leave the scene they disappear. Images of these 2 positions were placed in brick of animation.
the GIF can be also presented in the form of a drawing bottomless.
- If the changes take place in the interior part without the silhouette outside the reason changing remains in the same place (the sun, the flower).
- If cutting outside changes, even slightly, from one image to another, the reason will move gently on the bottom of the screen.
- The house was placed on a square bottom made transparent, which authorizes modifications inside this square.
Last important point - it can prove very difficult, especially for children, to carry out drawings in such small formats. The best solution is to let them carry out them in normal formats, to make them place just as they are in the container of the images and to make reduce the PILOT IMAGE to the format wished with the yellow handle of its halation .
[edit] In short
The animation itself of sketch of the type `animated drawing' presents only few difficulties. The success passes by the training of the essential operations and request attention and memory. The project, requests imagination more to him.
