Freeduc-cd17 how to

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1 How to install Freeduc-CD 1.7 :
2 How to install Freeduc-CD permanently on your machine :
3 How to create a new Freeduc-CD meeting your needs
4 How to burn Freeduc-CD iso image on a CD

[edit] How to install Freeduc-CD 1.7 :

This text in French

[edit] How to install Freeduc-CD permanently on your machine :

[edit] Step 1 : What you need :

Qtparted, that you can find in the menus, enable you to re-partition hard disk drives, but could destroy NTFS ones in the process.

At LEAST 3GB of FREE SPACE on hard disk, 7,5 GB are better if you will download a lot of supplementary packages in your future Freeduc-on-hd system. You can use a partitioning software (Partition Magic, QTParted or DiskDrake) to resize your existing partitions. Don't forget to save your important data to be safe. Think about the size and the number of partitions you want. Reading documents about partitioning also is needed, and look this page until the end before start (It's obvious, but I want to advise you to read all this page before beginning anything on the computer),
a Freeduc-CD 1.7,
If the freeduc-on-hd system won't have a fast ftp internet access:
- One of the following Post-install packages, to be put on a CDROM, an USB-key...; in the following we'll assume you have a CDROM :
  - post-install-full package if the computer won't have a fast internet access. Sadly, this would probably destroy Freeduc 1.7.

- - light package if the computer is going to have a fast Internet access under Freeduc. This one perhaps will be put on Freeduc-CD in the future, so you won't have to download and save it.
- ```
[ftp://ftp.namesys.com/pub/reiserfsprogs/reiserfsprogs-3.6.20.tar.gz reiserfsprogs]
```
  if you want to use reiserfs. Put it near the post-install package.

This situation would be sad! Be careful!

Some knowing about the way a GNU/Linux system install himself is needed. This document, in french, is very good, especially from "Quelles modifications apportera Linux à mon PC ?" to the FAQ. You should keep it under the eye while installing Freeduc-CD, the following explanations going in the "Pendant l'installation", "Les étapes de l'installation" and "Premier démarrage" chapters.

[edit] Step 2 :

Boot Freeduc-CD (Explanations on http://documentation.ofset.org/freeduc/primaire-1.5/fr/book_73.html) :
- Check your boot sequence in BIOS,
- insert Freeduc-CD and switch on your machine.
Wait for Freeduc-CD to be loaded, and verify that it works.
With ctrl-Alt-F2 (or F3 or F4) swith to a virtual console.

[edit] Step 3-First choice : install the system on a big partition :

Type

 # knoppix-installer

- Tip:type knoppix-i and press tabulation key. Great, no?
Follow the instructions on screen.

[edit] Step 3-Second choice : install the system on several little partitions (better, but experts only) :

Type

 # IGNORE_CHECK=1 knoppix-installer

if you haven't managed you partitioning before start (I advise 128 for swap, more than 6GB for /, at least 1,5GB for /home, at least 15,5 MB for /boot if any), do it now by choosing "Partition". Check the hard drive you want to work on by pressing space. Cfdisk is then launched. You won't be able to rezize existing partitions without losing datas with this tool. If you use it (at your own risk), choose write when finished, then quit.

Choose "configure installation" and answer the questions. Use space to check and enter to validate :

- If you don't know the answer to a question, keep the default choice and validate (but then you should perhaps follow the step3-first choice instead of this second one),
- if you want to use a non-listed file system, keep the default answer, you will change this setting later.
Choose "save configuration" in the main menu. Type /root/confinstall.

quit the knoppix-installer and edit /root/confinstall with joe or vim :
- You can modify
```
HD_FSTYPE
```
  if default setting doesn't sound good to you for the "/" partition,
- you must put in
```
HD_MAP
```
  where you want your additionals partitions to be mounted, usually /home (look at the example picture). Example for 4 differents partitions ("/", "/home" "/boot" and "/var", we don't take SWAP in account) : "/dev/hde6:/home /dev/hde4:/boot /dev/hde7:/var",
- Grub sadly isn't on Freeduc-CD, so write
```
lilo
```
  next to
```
BOOT_LOADER
```
- Save and quit.

File systems creation:
- If you want reiserfs for the additional partitions (and/or if you have chosen reiserfs in the conf file above for the "/"), you must install mkfs.reiserfs now. Unpack
```
[ftp://ftp.namesys.com/pub/reiserfsprogs/reiserfsprogs-3.6.20.tar.gz reiserfsprogs]
```
  that you should have saved in the beginning, or download it now. Put the
```
mkfs.reiserfs
```
  file that has been unpacked in
```
/home/knoppix
```
  and type
```
PATH=$PATH:/home/knoppix
```
  (found here).
- Format the supplementary partitions you wrote in HD_MAP, in the filesystem you want, if it isn't done yet. For example:"mkfs.ext2 /dev/hde4", and/or
```
mkfs.ext3 /dev/hde5
```
  , and/or
```
mkfs.reiserfs /dev/hde7
```
  . Be sure to have correctly un-mounted any of the hard-disk partitions before using mkfs, and to have taken in account that their files(if any) will be destroyed!
Return in the
```
IGNORE_CHECK=1 knoppix-installer
```
and choose "Load configuration". Type
```
/root/confinstall
```
start installation and verify that the displayed information has been loaded from conf file (don't worry if the supplementary partitions aren't displayed),

If you use a separate /boot partition (very good idea, especially if you don't forget to make it read-only when everything works), the installer should be not enough clever to install LiLo on it, so you should have to modify
```
/etc/lilo.conf
```
after having booted via the floppy or from the CD again. Don't forget to set active the partition where LiLo is if it isn't in the MBR. If you're a geek, you could be happy to learn that in some cases, installing both working LiLo and Grub is possible!

[edit] Step 4-Everyone:Post-installation packages :

Remove Freeduc-CD and reboot by typing
```
init 6
```
if everythings is well, your new GNU / LinuxFreeduc system should start (if not, it's probably because you haven't done the right things about boot loader),
as root:

A network:Debian-edu's one

- if the computer is on a network with a DHCP server, Freeduc will take an IP address automatically during the post-installation. If you want to be in a static network configuration, type :

ifconfig ethx IP

Replace x by the number of your card (if there is only one network card, it's 0), and IP by the address you want to put, eg

ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.3

and

route add default gw iprouter

replacing

iprouter

by the IP of your router.

as simple user:
- If you haven't got one of the postinstall packages, download one of them(see the top of this document).
- If the postinstall is on a media (cdrom or modify the commands for others medias):
  - ```
  mount /mnt/cdrom
```
- ```
cd /mnt/cdrom
```
As Root:
- Go in the folder where the package is if needed,
- Type(replacing the name here by the real name of the postinstall package you choosed):
```
tar xjvf freeduc-post[..].tarbzip2 -C /root
```
- ```
cd /root/freeduc-postinstall
```
- if you use a proxy, modify the apt.conf file, and proxy variables of the
```
install.sh
```
  (both in the
```
101apt
```
  directory).
- if you're absolutely sure you won't ever use reiserfs, you can delete the directory beginning by 110.
- if you haven't got a lot of diskspace, you could eventually delete the directories beginning by 250, 300, 350 and 400, 700, 800. Make your choice in fonction of the name of each. Be aware that the deletion of the three last ones can create problems.
- if you're not using french as main language, delete
```
100locales
```
  directory.
- ```
./postinstall.sh [--download | --install-net | --install-local] [ethx] [staticip]
```
  - If you've got a good internet link, choose
```
--install-net
```
    .
```
--install-local
```
    could work(not tested yet!) only if you choosed the "postinstall-full" package, but there might be problems if the package isn't made for 1.7 version.
  - Replace x by the number of the network card to use to go to the Internet (usually 0).
  - Write
```
staticip
```
    if you have already set up the network card manually a few times ago.
  - Example:
```
./postinstall.sh --install-local eth0 staticip
```

{Documents used for help in writing this text : <http://thefredsite.free.fr/linux.php?id=80>, thanks to you Fred.}

[edit] Step 5-Monitoring hardware :

[edit] Disks

Replace /dev/hdx by each smart hard drive you own (eg /dev/hda)
- Type
```
smartctl --smart=on --offlineauto=on --saveauto=on /dev/hdx
```
- You can consult the values of the hard drive by typing
```
smartctl -A /dev/hdx
```
- To enable the monitoring, un-comment the smartd line in
```
/etc/default/smartmontools
```
  but you certainly need to learn a lot more about S.M.A.R.T to understand the values you'll obtain.

[edit] Energy :

[edit] CPU :

For this we need ACPI (working badly on most computers. Be sure to have the latest version of your BIOS, and you may have to write

acpi=force

as kernel option). To verify that it's working, type

cat /proc/acpi/info

and

acpi -V

Datas can be read from files in

/proc/acpi

manually too.

Here is the list of non-compatible computers.
Here you can find if your computer need a patch.
You may have to configure
```
/etc/default/acpid
```
and
```
/etc/default/acpi-support
```
. They are by default set for maximum support, but there are great chances that you have to adapt them, especially concerning sleep state, "mem" needing acpi 2.1 and a perfect design of the computer. But even if you use "standby" instead of "mem", let "ACPI_SLEEP" to true. Any other value (including nothing) would desactivate sleeping on the computer.
According to an old explanation, we can use:
- Scripts in
```
/etc/acpi
```
  that will be executed when events in
```
/etc/acpi/events
```
  happens. For example, there is a problem with the power button : kids often press it. The best is to put the computer's unit behind a door, but you can modify the
```
powerbtn.sh
```
  script, replacing the shutdown command by anything you want. To make it go to sleep, replace
```
powerbtn.sh
```
  by a link to
```
sleep.sh
```
  in the <powerbtn> event.
- athcool to save energy and warm if the processor is a 32 bits Athlon or Duron and if you know what you're doing.
- sleepd to put the computer to sleep when unused. In
```
/etc/default/sleepd.sh
```
  we must type
```
-u delay -U delay -s script
```
  inside the quotes near
```
PARAM=
```
  replacing delay by the time in second before sleep and script by the script file wich will be executed to make the computer sleep (we can use "sleep.sh" for example). To temporary desactivate automatic sleeping, we can use
```
sleepctl
```

[edit] Step 6-Configure LiLo

WARNING, you MUST have a copy of the MBR. This should have been done a long time ago, but if you arrived here by miracle without having done so, type
```
dd if=/dev/hdx of=/root/mbr bs=512 count=1
```
, before moving the mbr file that you obtained on one or several removable disks.
You can comment in </pre>/etc/lilo.conf</pre> lines regarding non-used kernels.
You can add
```
password=""
```
in the sections of the kernels that will require a password to boot.
Type
```
lilo
```

[edit] Step 7-Setting up network

You should be able to apt-get as much as you want, or use synaptic for this. To share documents between several HD-installed-Freeducs, you can use nfs.

[edit] How to create a new Freeduc-CD meeting your needs

become a member of OFSET
join the development team
you will use the following HOWTO

[edit] How to burn Freeduc-CD iso image on a CD

Alternatively

use a rosting software like k3b (tools -> CD -> burn a CD image)

from command line:

  - cdrecord -v speed=16 dev=0,0,0 /buffer/mycd.iso

(replace 0,0,0 by the physical location of your CDW driver, given by # cdrecord -scanbus)

Download addresses:

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Category: Freeduc CD